Many governments 5 and international bodies 6 treat terrorists, particularly Islamist terrorists, like members of other criminal associations 7.

The recent Taliban victory over United States, NATO and Afghan government forces in Afghanistan has also raised worldwide concern about a possible resurgence of global Islamist violence 4.

Despite the rapid rise of far-right and racial supremacist violence, Islamist terrorism remains a serious threat, with many international security services echoing this UN Security Council warning:Other threats from ISIL, Al-Qaida and their ideology continue to challenge Governments and security forces issues related to … effective prosecution of returned foreign fighters, prison radicalization and a wave of pending releases, especially from prisons in Europe.” 3 In 2020 alone, an estimated 1000 such prisoners were scheduled for release. Despite global reduction in Islamist terrorist attacks since territorial defeat of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS or ISIL) 1, serious transnational threats remain as terrorist forces regroup while governments are preoccupied with managing a global pandemic 2.

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